This book introduces the reader to fundamentals of engine combustion processes and pollutant formation Combustion thermodynamics, conceptual and thermodynamic engine combustion models, fluid motion in the cylinder, the conventional and advanced combustion systems such as for DISC, CAI, and HCCI engines are discussed. For a wider coverage on the subject, emission measurement alternative propulsion systems are included in this text. Laser based and other combustion diagnostic techniques are outlined to introduce readers to modern combustion research methods. The book attempts to present theoretical aspects and the practices including the latest developments in engine and emission control technology.