The philosophical thought of J. G. Fichte, particularly his later work, is at the very center of a paradigm shift currently underway in the field of German Idealism. Crucial to this reassessment is Fichte's Wissenschaftslehre Nova Methodo of 1796/99, the manuscript at the heart of this collection and an articulation of the philosopher's Wissenshaftslehre, or overall system of philosophy, that Fichte discussed in lectures at the University of Jena. Edited by two of the foremost Fichte scholars in the world, the essays collected here provide a much needed introduction to the major themes of the most important period of Fichte's philosophical thought - and thus to German Idealism itself - even as they make a persuasive case for the originality and continuing significance of the later Jena Wissenschaftslehre. Beginning with the Foundations of Natural Right, several of these essays convey the breadth and striking originality of Fichte's social thought during this period, and its profound influence on subsequent thinkers such as Hegel. Others offer the most sustained and maltifaceted discussion to date of the distinctive character of Fichte's first revised presentation of the foundation of his philosophy.