The stomatognathic system is a complex and highly refined unit, consisting of the teeth, the temporomandibular joints and the neuromuscular mechanism. It has been suggested that occlusal disharmony or clenching influence the activity of the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles and therefore affect neck position. Recently acquired data indicate that dental occlusion can also contribute to postural changes. This book outlines the basic mechanisms controlling occlusion and human posture and investigates whether clenching and occlusal instability in healthy adult subjects has an effect on postural control.