India's 187 million hectares of wasteland are virually barren or infested with wildy thorny vegetation having little economic value. There is need to rehabiliate these lands by introduction of suitable grass, legume, shrub and tree species and produce biomass such as fodder, fuelwood and timber for meeting the domestic requirments resource of poor farmers.Silvopasture concept is based on sound ecological principles (productivity + Conservation of resources) and is very much similar to natural approach where a variety of plants viz. , trees, shrubs,undershrubs, perinnial and annual grasses and legumes grow together.This hetrogenity ensure better utilization of enviornmental resources as polymorphs are of different heights and their roots extend to different depths. A diversified or multi-tied silvopasture will be near natural, comparatively stable and what is more important is that it will ensure better solar energy flow through food chain. Establishment and management of silvopasture on degraded land has been found to increase productivity,soil and moisture conservation, soil fertility and besides these amelioration of microclimate of the area. The present book deals with different components of silvopatural system in arid and semi-arid rregions, their interactions, management an deconomic analysis. Five case studies deling wiith silvopastural systems in arid and semi-arid zones have also been included in this book.