This collection comprises 71 peer-reviewed papers which summarise the most recent developments in the fields of advanced materials research and structural integrity.The papers contained in this special issue include contributions from Australia, Canada, China, Europe, Japan, Korea, New Zealand and the USA and have been grouped into the categories of: Bio- and Nano- Materials, Fracture and Fatigue, Ceramics, Concrete and Rock, Composites, and Structural Integrity. The work therefore provides a handy guide to the current state-of-the-art concerning these topics.