Surfactants play a critical role in tribology, as they help control friction and wear, while also controlling lubricant properties such as emulsification, demulsification, bioresistance, oxidation resistance, rust prevention, and corrosion resistance. This unique work brings together recent advances in the use of surfactants. Edited by leading pioneers in the field, with chapters written by international experts, it addresses theoretical, technical, and experimental aspects. It considers the role of surfactants in SAMs, MEMS, NEMS, manufacturing, automotive, rail, light and heavy machinery, and biomedical applications. This work will be of special interest to those interested in gaining an understanding of surfactants in tribology at the nanoscale.