Drawing on a wealth of examples, this work traces the inception of sustainability within environmentalism and its extension into the realism of socio-cultural and economic thinking, policy and practice. This second edition has been extensively updated to firmly re-situate it in the development literature. There are also major new sections on: Third world development and tourism; the emergence of pro-poor tourism; the UN International Year for Ecotourism; and a new case study on a small-scale ecotourism program in Nicaragua.